The term “Rack” refers to a series of computers (or other types of equipment) housed within a specialized technical cabinet to facilitate cable management and positioning.
This means that all the heat generated by the PCs and equipment tends to accumulate inside the Rack, requiring proper ventilation and cooling measures. The purpose of these measures is to prevent the overheating of the components, avoiding emergency shutdowns or permanent damage to the internal hardware.
Constant Air Circulation
For this exact reason, every Rack is designed to ensure constant air circulation, expelling hot air and drawing in cool air to cool the PCs and equipment internally.
In fact, Racks are rarely completely sealed. Instead, they feature vented panels and open sides designed specifically to maximize airflow within, aided by the built-in fans of the components. These fans create an air corridor that draws in cool air from one side and expels hot air from the other.
However, this is only sufficient if there are just a few PCs or devices housed inside the Rack.
If multiple Rack cabinets are located in the same room, a dedicated cooling system (such as air conditioning) becomes necessary. This is because the presence of numerous rack cabinets leads to a rapid buildup of heat.

Finally, it is crucial to ensure that the hot air exhaust of one Rack does not face the cold air intake of another Rack; otherwise, cooling efficiency will be significantly reduced.
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